Figure 2, Cryo-electron micrograph of the Zika virus. Zika virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus discovered in Uganda in 1947. Mouse models of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection, which recapitulate certain aspects of ZIKV infection in humans, have demonstrated their utility for studying ZIKV pathogenesis and for the initial screening of antivirals, experimental therapeutics, and candidate vaccines for … Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted Flavivirus in the Flaviviridae family of positive-stranded RNA viruses and is closely related to several other pathogens that cause disease globally, including Dengue (DENV), yellow fever (YFV), West Nile (WNV), Japanese encephalitis (JEV), and tick-borne encephalitis (TBEV) viruses (Pierson and Diamond, 2013). []In most cases, Zika virus infection causes a mild, self-limited illness. The ongoing Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic and unexpected clinical outcomes, including Guillain-Barré syndrome and birth defects, has brought an urgent need for animal models. In 2018 and 2019, no local mosquito-borne Zika virus transmission has been reported in the continental United States. Prevent mosquito bites when traveling:. Zika virus is a member of the Flaviviridae family, the incubation period ranges between 3-12 days. The global emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) revealed the unprecedented ability for a mosquito-borne virus to cause congenital birth defects. Miner and Diamond review some of the key recent advances in our understanding of ZIKV pathogenesis, tissue tropism, and the resulting pathology and discuss areas for future investigation. While Zika virus was identified in Africa in the 1940s and was noted to be present in Asia, it was not until 2007 that there was a significant shift in the behavior of the virus. [] The lipid envelope is covered with dense projections that consist of a membrane and envelope glycoproteins. Zika Virus Pathogenesis and Tissue Tropism. The transmission of Zika virus is through the bite of Aedes spp. The virus has emerged in recent years and spread in the Pacific Area and the Americas, where it has caused large human outbreaks. Zika virus (ZIKV) is a re-emerging virus that has recently spread into dengue virus (DENV) endemic regions and cross-reactive antibodies (Abs) could potentially affect ZIKV pathogenesis. ... Padova, Italy. We evaluated infection and pathogenesis with contemporary and historical ZIKV strains in immunocompetent mice and mice lacking components of the antiviral response. Although Zika virus (ZIKV) was isolated approximately 70 years ago, few experimental studies had been published prior to 2016. Symptoms last for 4-7 days. Pathogenesis of Zika Virus. The recent spread of ZIKV to countries in the Western Hemisphere is associated with reports of microcephaly, congenital malformations, and Guillain-Barré syndrome. Abstract. Main Text Introduction. Zika virus: from pathogenesis to disease control. This was the first resolution of the virus published in Science on March 31 st, 2016 by Sirohi et al. If you are traveling outside of the continental United States, see Zika Travel Information to learn about your destination.. The recent outbreak of Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Western Hemisphere has prompted accelerated research and discovery in this area. Reasons for this change in Zika virus behavior and pathogenesis could be due to a change in the virulence of the virus, and a new ability to infect the human host. Zika virus (ZIKV) belongs to the Flavivirus genus; like other flaviviruses, Zika virus is an icosahedral, enveloped, single-stranded RNA virus. 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